December 12, 2013

Ottawa (AFP) - Canada signalled intentions to claim the North Pole and surrounding Arctic waters while announcing the filing of a UN application seeking to vastly expand its Atlantic sea boundary.

After a decade of surveying the country's eastern and far north seabeds and gathering supporting evidence, a claim was submitted to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf on Friday.

Foreign Affairs Minister John Baird said the filing mainly concerns the outer limits of Canada's continental shelf in the Atlantic Ocean.

But it also includes "preliminary information concerning the outer limits of (Canada's) continental shelf in the Arctic Ocean," he said.

"We have asked our officials and scientists to do additional work and necessary work to ensure that a submission for the full extent of the continental shelf in the Arctic includes Canada's claim to the North Pole," he told a press conference.

"Fundamentally, we are drawing the last lines of Canada. We are defending our sovereignty," added Arctic Minister Leona Aglukkaq.

Asserting sovereignty over an expansive Arctic archipelago and surrounding waters has been a key plank of Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper's Tories in the past three elections since 2006.

But Russia and Denmark are expected to file overlapping claims, which could lead to confrontation between the Arctic neighbors.

Graphic map showing the countries surrounding the Arctic (AFP Photo/)

Data collection mainly involved the use of aircraft, ice breakers and robot submersibles covering a 58,000-kilometer (36,000 mile) stretch of ice-covered waters.

And periodically unpredictable ice conditions forced the emergency evacuation of ice camps, officials said.

Foreign ministry official Hugh Adsett told a technical briefing "substantial progress" has been made in the data collection, but added without specifying a timeline, "there is more work to be done."

"The objective is to obtain the most expansive continental shelf for Canada," he said.

Nations bordering the Arctic currently are entitled to a 200-nautical-mile economic zone from their coastlines, but claims for extending their territories are to be decided under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

In order to be successful Canada must show that its continental shelf extends beneath the North Pole, which sits on a slope of the underwater Lomonosov Ridge.

Environmental group Greenpeace meanwhile condemned Canada's announcement, warning any future drilling in the Arctic could lead to a "climate maelstrom."

"Extending the Canadian territory to expand Arctic oil extraction is equal to condemning future generations to an environmental nightmare," Greenpeace said in a statement.

Canada's Atlantic Ocean claim stretches from the shores of its easternmost Nova Scotia province northward along the Grand Banks to the northern tip of Labrador 7,700 kilometers (4,780 miles) away.

The area is more than 1.2 million square kilometers (460,000 square miles) in size, or as large as Canada's Western plains.

Canada expects overlapping claims in the Atlantic from Denmark in the Labrador Sea and with the United States south of Nova Scotia.

Canada said France also intends to file a submission in respect to its tiny islands in the northwest Atlantic, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, "so we may have a dispute with France in the future," the official added.

The UN is scheduled to consider Canada's partial submission in July-August 2014.

http://news.yahoo.com/canada-claims-larger-part-atlantic-ocean-203332918.html